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Water
Water
Maintenance of water quality parameters in optimal level is critical for successful aquaculture operations.It is essential to monitor pH, dissolved oxygen( DO) and the toxic metabolites like ammonia and nitrite which are critical for survival of aquatic animals. During the culture knowing the concentration of essential minerals like calcium and magnesium in pond waters help in avoiding unnecessary application of minerals and reducing the cost of production. Different kits have been developed for detection of these parameters in aquaculture ponds and related aquatic environment. Regular monitoring of this parameter in hatcheries and grow-out farms will help in taking up immediate measures of preventing the economic loss.
Water Quality Parameters for Fish Culture
| Sr. No. | Parameters | Optimum range |
| 1 | Colour | Light green |
| 2 | Temperature | 20 – 33 °C |
| 3 | Transparency | 20 – 35 cm |
| 4 | Turbidity | < 20 ppm |
| 5 | pH | 7 – 9 (Fresh Water) 8.3- 8.7 (Brackish Water) |
| 6 | Alkalinity | 50 – 275 ppm |
| 7 | Hardness | 50 – 250 ppm |
| 8 | Chloride | 31 – 50 ppm |
| 9 | Dissolved Oxygen | 5 – 10 ppm |
| 10 | Carbon Dioxide | < 3 ppm |
| 11 | Ammonia Nitrogen | < 1 ppm |
| 12 | Nitrite Nitrogen | < 0.5 ppm |
| 13 | Nitrate Nitrogen | 1 – 5 ppm |
| 14 | Phosphate | 0.3 – 5 ppm |
| 15 | Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) | < 10 ppm |